The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) is a fundamental part of the social safety net in the United States. Nearly 42 million people, roughly 1 in 8 Americans, rely on this benefit to buy food. However, its continuation has been threatened by the partial shutdown of the federal government and disputes over the use of contingency funds. SNAP, originally known as "food stamps," was created in 1964. Its goal is to support low-income individuals and families who, even when employed, cannot cover all their basic expenses. The program aims to ensure access to nutritious food and improve food security across the country. Over time, it has become one of the most important pillars of the American social assistance system.

Who is eligible for the program?

To receive SNAP, households must meet income limits that vary depending on family size, expenses, and whether there are elderly or disabled members. Most recipients are families with children, and more than a third include elderly adults or people with disabilities. Two out of every five households that receive SNAP have at least one working member. Most live below the poverty line, which is around $32,000 annually for a family of four. People without legal immigration status, many immigrants with legal residency, certain college students, and people with drug-related convictions are not eligible. Starting November 1, 2025, a provision will take effect limiting the benefit to three months every three years for people without disabilities, between the ages of 18 and 64, without children under 14, if they do not work, volunteer, or They participate in job training for at least 80 hours per month.

How much money do beneficiaries receive?

The average monthly benefit is approximately $350 per household and $190 per person.The amount varies according to income and essential household expenses, based on the idea that families should allocate 30% of their remaining income to food purchases. Families with high medical expenses, child support payments, or high housing costs may receive additional amounts. How are SNAP benefits delivered? Benefits are deposited onto EBT (Electronic Benefit Transfer) cards, which function like a debit card. Recipients use them at supermarkets, discount stores, convenience stores, and farmers markets. The federal government covers the cost of benefits and half of the program's operating expenses, while states administer the rest. Applications are made through state or county agencies, and some states use specific names for the program, such as FoodShare in Wisconsin or CalFresh in California.

What can and can't you buy with SNAP?

You can buy: Basic foods such as fruits, vegetables, meats, fish, grains, and dairy products. Plants and seeds to grow food. You can't buy: Hot meals from restaurants. Pet food, cleaning supplies, personal hygiene products, or cosmetics. Vitamins, medications, alcohol, and tobacco. Items purchased with SNAP are not subject to sales tax. Starting in 2026, the federal government will allow some states to limit the products that can be purchased with SNAP. So far, a dozen states have requested restrictions on the purchase of soda, candy, and energy drinks.

Why is the SNAP program at risk?

Public debate over SNAP intensified after President Donald Trump's administration announced the suspension of payments to the program starting November 1, amid the partial shutdown of the federal government. The government argued that it was not authorized to use a $5 billion contingency fund intended to keep the program operational. However, two federal judges ordered that SNAP funding continue partially while the case is resolved. The government is expected to appeal, and the process to resume payments is expected to take one to two weeks.

Economic and social impact of SNAP

Nearly 42 million Americans rely on SNAP to meet their food needs. A disruption in payments could increase food insecurity and put pressure on food banks and nonprofit organizations. Furthermore, the program has a multiplier effect on the economy: it is estimated that each dollar in SNAP benefits generates about $1.70 in economic activity. For many families,Delayed or reduced payments mean having to choose between lower-quality food, going into debt, or seeking other sources of assistance.

SNAP Benefits Millions

SNAP remains America's largest food safety net, essential for millions of low-income households. In a context of inflation and a rising cost of living, its consistent funding is key not only to the well-being of families but also to the country's economic stability.

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