The United States Air Force has just marked a before and after in military aviation. For the first time, a collaborative combat drone managed to successfully fire a real air-to-air missile during a live fire test, something that until recently only seemed possible in science fiction movies.

The protagonist of this feat was the YFQ-44A Fury, developed by the company Anduril Industries, which carried out a complete firing test against a simulated target, beyond the operator's visual range. The test was carried out at Edwards Air Force Base, in the middle of the Mojave Desert, California, and the weapon used was an AIM-120 AMRAAM missile, one of the most used radar-guided projectiles by US aviation. According to the Air Force itself, this shot represents the first actual launch of an air-to-air missile from a Collaborative Combat Aircraft (CCA) in the history of the program.

Why is the United States so on top of this project?

This is not just any experiment. The CCA program is part of a huge strategic bet by the Pentagon, which seeks to have drones fly alongside manned fighters such as the F-35 and the future F-47, acting as a kind of autonomous wingmen. The underlying idea is simple but powerful, adding firepower and reconnaissance capability without putting more human pilots at risk on each mission.

The YFQ-44A Fury competes within the first increment of the program alongside General Atomics' Dark Merlin, and both designs have been accumulating milestones since their first flight in October 2025. The entire process started with captive transport evaluations with inert missiles, continued with flight tests controlled by artificial intelligence systems such as Lattice from Anduril and Hivemind from Shield AI, and now it has reached the most demanding stage, the actual firing.

The Lattice software was key to the entire operation, because it allowed the drone to autonomously execute the ingestion of target data, the assignment of tasks by the operator and the final launch of the missile, all within parameters previously defined by a human pilot.

The importance of this milestone for the future of air warfare

What makes this test so relevant is that it validates the entire concept of autonomous weapon employment, not just the drone's ability to fly or carry external cargo. The YFQ-44A carried the AMRAAM mounted on supports under the wings, since the aircraft does not have an internal weapons bay, and this external configuration had been evaluated for months to adjust aerodynamic and safety performance.

Anduril Vice President Mark Shushnar was clear about this, as he explained, this test was not simply a separation of the missile from the aircraft, but rather demonstrated the actual ability to hit a conditional target outside visual range. That distinction matters a lot because it separates a technical test from an operational demonstration with real tactical implications.

For the United States, this advance comes at a time when the competition to dominate the air of the future has become a top priority. Having combat drones capable of autonomously firing lethal weaponry completely changes the equation of how aerial missions are planned, how many human pilots are needed, and how quickly an air force can scale in the event of conflict. The next natural phase of the program aims to expand these capabilities towards more complex scenarios, with multiple drones operating in swarms alongside manned fighters, something that until recently seemed still distant and now looks increasingly closer to becoming the new normal of modern air combat.